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Administrative Assistants form a non-managerial support job family that provides critical office and clerical support across functions. They handle scheduling, communications, documentation, and general office operations, acting as a 'pivotal' support pillar to ensure smooth day-to-day operations and effective organizational workflow.

The Administrative Services function provides essential support for corporate and business operations, handling tasks from day-to-day office management to strategic process improvement.

Manufacturing Management roles ensure the safe, compliant, and efficient production of biological products. Managers oversee either upstream cell‐culture/fermentation or downstream purification/packaging operations, ensuring that production schedules and quality standards are met.

Business Process Analysts align operational workflows with strategic goals, ensuring efficient, scalable processes. They examine, improve and streamline business processes by identifying inefficiencies and bottlenecks.

Roles responsible for systematically analyzing and enhancing an organization’s workflows to boost efficiency, reduce costs, and improve quality. BPI professionals use data-driven methods and process-management frameworks to identify inefficiencies and recommend improvements.

This job family focuses on analyzing, refining, and enhancing organizational workflows and processes to drive efficiency, quality, and performance.

Calibration roles across P1–P6 ensure that instruments, sensors, gauges, and test equipment in manufacturing operate within strict tolerances and compliance frameworks. Calibration technicians inspect, adjust, and test measurement devices against standards used in manufacturing and healthcare.

This job family includes roles that provide administrative and operational support across various industries, ensuring efficient business processes and office management.

This job family encompasses roles that provide administrative and secretarial support across various departments, ensuring smooth daily operations and supporting management in executing business objectives.

Customer Service Representatives are the frontline interface between the company and its customers, handling inquiries, complaints, and requests across channels.

Roles involved in managing data as a strategic asset, ensuring its quality, security, accessibility, and compliance.

Roles focused on managing and optimizing the production and distribution of energy, ensuring safe, reliable, and efficient operations.

Engineering program/project managers plan, coordinate, and deliver engineering projects or programs on time, on budget, and to scope.

Ensures company-wide compliance with environmental and safety regulations and corporate EHS policies. Oversees programs that protect employee health and the environment while supporting scientific and business objectives.

The Equipment Maintenance & Reliability function ensures all manufacturing equipment and utility systems operate safely, efficiently, and consistently to meet production and quality goals. This team implements comprehensive maintenance strategies to maximize equipment uptime and availability while minimizing costs.

The Facilities Maintenance function ensures the safe, reliable operation of a company’s buildings and infrastructure, especially critical in biotech/pharma where facility uptime and cleanliness directly affect product quality. This role supports Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) environments by keeping all systems operating and audit-ready.

Roles focused on maintaining and repairing facilities, ensuring operational efficiency and compliance with safety standards.

The Field Technical Project Manager bridges the gap between project engineering and on-site execution.

This job family involves managing a company's vehicle fleet efficiently, cost-effectively, and safely. It includes roles that oversee vehicle acquisition, maintenance scheduling, compliance, and data tracking.

This job family involves the operation and management of vehicle fleets, focusing on the transportation of goods and materials. It includes roles that ensure the safe, timely delivery of goods, compliance with regulations, and efficient fleet management.

HR generalists or 'partners' embedded in business units or departments who work closely with line managers. They act as strategic liaisons, aligning HR strategies with business priorities and providing consultative support on people issues.

A broad field where continuous learning is crucial, encompassing various domains such as general HR management, talent acquisition, compensation and benefits, learning and development, diversity, equity, inclusion, and belonging, HR analytics, employee and labor relations, and organizational development.

Career pathing in HR typically follows a progression from entry-level roles to senior leadership, with opportunities for lateral specializations.

Roles focused on optimizing manufacturing processes and ensuring quality in production.

The Logistics function in a CDMO ensures that vital pharmaceutical materials and finished products are efficiently stored, handled, and delivered to meet patient and client needs. It manages end-to-end flow of goods under stringent quality and regulatory standards.

This job family focuses on managing the movement, storage, and distribution of goods within a warehouse or logistics environment.

Industrial Engineers in manufacturing optimize production systems to improve productivity, quality, and efficiency. They analyze workflows, equipment utilization, and information flows to eliminate waste and bottlenecks, then design and implement process improvements that minimize costs and maximize throughput.

This job family focuses on the evaluation, deployment, and optimization of manufacturing equipment and automation systems to ensure efficient manufacturing operations.

The Manufacturing Equipment Maintenance sub-function encompasses the skilled trades roles responsible for the upkeep of production machinery. Support-level roles S1 through S5 represent ascending technical proficiency and scope.

This job family involves strategic oversight of manufacturing processes across multiple disciplines and product lines, ensuring efficient and cost-effective production while upholding quality, safety, and regulatory compliance.

Roles involved in the production and processing of biopharmaceuticals, focusing on both upstream and downstream processes.

This job family involves overseeing the initial phase of biologic drug substance production, managing the cultivation of living cells or microorganisms that produce the target therapeutic product.

This job family involves managing the day-to-day operations of the initial production phase where cells or microbes are cultivated to produce a target product. It includes leading a team of operators/technicians in executing upstream processes safely, consistently, and efficiently.

This job family involves overseeing the purification and finishing stages of production in biotechnology and pharmaceuticals, ensuring processes are executed efficiently and in compliance with cGMP.

Traditional industries often use hourly wages with overtime pay, and sometimes piece-rate pay for certain production roles.

This family includes roles focused on various aspects of marketing, such as brand management, content marketing, and demand generation, with responsibilities ranging from execution to strategic leadership.

This job family covers managerial roles (M1–M6) responsible for overseeing the handling, storage, and movement of materials in distribution operations.

A role within the Operations function under Distribution, emphasizing expertise in handling physical materials and inventory. Support levels S1–S5 denote increasing responsibility, skill, and autonomy.

Operational Excellence in manufacturing drives enterprise-wide continuous improvement to optimize efficiency, quality, safety, and cost. The core purpose is to implement and sustain lean manufacturing and Six Sigma methodologies to improve process performance and organizational effectiveness.

Operations roles typically start with coordinator or analyst positions and move up to senior leadership roles.

This job family focuses on maintaining and repairing manufacturing equipment to ensure smooth operations in various industries such as biopharmaceuticals, semiconductors, automotive, and food processing.

The Outsourcing (Generalist) Manager oversees the full outsourcing lifecycle across functions.

Product Managers define product vision, prioritize features, and drive cross-functional teams to deliver product value.

Project and program management in biotech, pharma, medtech and related industries ensures that complex R&D initiatives, clinical trials, and product launches are delivered on time, on budget, and in compliance with rigorous regulatory requirements. The role scales from managing individual projects to setting enterprise-wide project strategy.

Project Management at all levels involves planning, executing, and delivering projects on time and budget. It spans industries from healthcare to software/IT to construction.

Quality Assurance – Compliance managers are responsible for ensuring that an organization’s products, processes, and operations meet all required quality standards and regulatory requirements, thereby safeguarding patient/customer safety and product integrity. This job family spans multiple managerial levels, from team supervisors to senior executives, all dedicated to building a culture of 'doing things right' in the company’s processes.

Quality Compliance management ensures that the organization’s products, processes, and operations adhere to all required quality standards and regulatory requirements while enabling sustainable business growth. This multi-level profile (M1 through M6) delineates a progressive career path in Quality Compliance, from first-line supervisory roles up to senior leadership.

Quality Control encompasses all procedures undertaken to ensure the identity and purity of pharmaceutical products. This job family includes roles responsible for testing and ensuring product quality and compliance with regulatory standards.

These roles are U.S.-based and pertain to Quality Control in pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and other FDA-regulated manufacturing settings. All levels ensure that products meet strict quality standards and regulatory requirements from development through commercial manufacturing.

Ensures organizational adherence to applicable regulations, standards, and quality requirements.

Regulatory Affairs professionals are responsible for obtaining and maintaining market approvals for the company’s products. They manage the end-to-end regulatory process for product development and launch, translating scientific and technical data into regulatory submissions and ensuring ongoing compliance.

Roles focused on protecting people, assets, and facilities in STEM organizations, implementing security protocols and emergency response plans.

Jobs where mismatches can have severe consequences, such as pilots or surgeons.

The Services function ensures high-quality delivery of post-sales support and maintenance services for products or systems.

A Solar Technician physically installs, inspects, and services solar photovoltaic systems.

The Supplier Quality Assurance function ensures that all externally sourced materials, components, and services meet the company’s quality standards.

The Commodities function ensures strategic sourcing of critical materials and components to support rapid product development and business growth. This role secures reliable supply at optimized total cost and quality, underpinning expansion and competitive advantage.

This job family encompasses roles responsible for planning and procurement activities within the supply chain, ensuring materials are available for production and aligning supply with demand.

This job family focuses on the physical and administrative tasks of receiving, storing, and distributing materials, parts, and equipment within a facility, supporting production and R&D by maintaining organized inventory and ensuring timely delivery of materials.

Purchasing professionals ensure the organization efficiently acquires goods and services needed for operations. They align procurement strategy with business growth goals, driving cost reduction and supply assurance.

This job family involves overseeing the flow of goods and materials across various modes of transportation to ensure timely delivery and efficient supply chain operations.

Focuses on end-to-end operations leadership, ensuring integration and smooth information flow from suppliers to manufacturing to customers.

Technical writers bridge the gap between complex engineering output and its users by preparing clear, concise documentation and communication of technical information.

This family focuses on planning and strategizing city infrastructure systems to ensure sustainable and efficient urban growth.

This multi-level job function profile outlines the role of Vice President of Supply Chain within U.S.-based Contract Development and Manufacturing Organizations (CDMOs) and Contract Research Organizations (CROs) in the pharmaceutical/biotechnology sector. The profile spans executive levels E1 through E6, aligned with Mercer/Radford executive banding, to delineate progression from a small-scope VP (E1) up to enterprise-level leadership (E6).

Warranty administrators manage the end-to-end warranty claims process, ensuring customers’ product failure claims are handled accurately and efficiently.

Specialized under Software Engineering, focusing on developing systems that allow machines to interpret and act on visual data.

AI/ML Engineers bridge software development and data science, building self-learning applications that leverage techniques like machine learning, deep learning, and statistical modeling to solve complex problems.

The Artificial Intelligence Manager is a strategic leadership role at the intersection of cutting-edge AI technology and biotech/life sciences research. This manager’s primary purpose is to drive the development and deployment of AI/ML solutions that accelerate scientific discovery and product development in areas such as drug discovery, genomics, clinical diagnostics, and bioinformatics.

BI Analysts focus on developing dashboards, reports, and data visualizations that enable business users to get insights.

BI Analysts specialize in leveraging BI tools and data warehousing to turn data into dashboards, reports, and actionable intelligence.

Professionals responsible for protecting systems and data from breaches.

This job family encompasses roles focused on data reporting, management, customer analytics, and data science, critical across STEM industries.

Data Analysts interpret data and generate insights to support business decisions. They query databases, create reports/dashboards, and perform exploratory analyses.

The Data Engineer career path specializes in building data pipelines, databases, and data infrastructure.

Data Engineering in life sciences builds and manages the infrastructure for collecting, processing, and delivering research, clinical, and manufacturing data at scale. Practitioners design and operate ETL/ELT pipelines and data warehouses that handle diverse formats while enforcing data integrity and security.

Career pathing in data science parallels that of software engineering with defined levels from junior analyst to senior leadership.

This job family includes roles focused on designing, building, and deploying AI models, particularly in high-growth industries such as technology, automotive, robotics, finance, and healthcare.

Professionals who analyze complex datasets to extract trends, build predictive models, and support data-driven decisions.

Data Science managers are responsible for translating data-driven insights into strategic business value, leading teams that develop advanced analytics and machine learning solutions to drive innovation and decision-making. They bridge the gap between complex data science techniques and organizational objectives, ensuring that data initiatives support overall company goals.

Database Engineering focuses on designing, developing, and maintaining systems that store, organize, and provide access to an organization’s data. This role is critical in ensuring data is stored securely and efficiently, and is readily available to authorized users and applications.

DevOps roles focus on system reliability, efficiency of delivery pipelines, and operational excellence.

DevOps Engineers focus on CI/CD pipelines, automation, and infrastructure management.

DevOps Engineers and Infrastructure Engineers focus on build and deployment pipelines, cloud infrastructure, and automation to enable smooth software delivery.

This job family focuses on bridging software development and IT operations to enable continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) in organizations. It involves creating seamless deployment pipelines by automating infrastructure and application workflows.

This job family involves high-level engineering leadership responsible for overseeing the development of products or systems across multiple disciplines and functional areas.

This job family includes roles responsible for setting and executing technology strategy, innovation, and leadership within an organization.

This job family encompasses roles related to IT support and operations within a biotech environment, focusing on ensuring reliable access to technology for scientific and business activities.

Managers in GxP Systems – Software Engineering are responsible for the lifecycle of computerized systems used in regulated life-sciences processes, ensuring these IT solutions meet quality and compliance requirements.

GxP Systems Engineering involves the validation and compliance of IT systems within regulated environments, focusing on ensuring systems meet GxP guidelines and quality standards.

Roles focused on creating and improving physical products and systems.

This family includes roles focused on health information technology, including electronic health records, health data analytics, and interoperability systems.

This family encompasses roles critical to the development, compliance, and management of medical devices and health technology solutions.

Focused on the detection, analysis, and remediation of security incidents that threaten an organization’s information systems.

This job family includes executive roles responsible for guiding the technological direction of a company, ensuring technology strategy aligns with business goals, and overseeing technology functions such as software development, IT infrastructure, and R&D.

Focuses on the strategic design, build, and management of data infrastructure and pipelines.

Focuses on designing, implementing, and maintaining technical security measures to protect IT systems.

This job family focuses on developing, validating, and maintaining software systems in regulated GxP environments, ensuring compliance and quality in pharmaceuticals and biotechnology.

This job family encompasses roles focused on designing, building, and maintaining websites and web applications, ensuring they are functional, user-friendly, and performant.

This job family focuses on designing and building the technical foundation of online commerce platforms, ensuring they are scalable and aligned with business objectives.

The IT Help Desk / Technical Support function serves as the primary interface between IT and end users, providing first-line and escalating technical assistance to resolve hardware, software, and networking issues.

Focuses on computer systems compliance within the biotechnology and pharmaceuticals industry, ensuring systems meet GxP regulations.

The IT Support function provides end-to-end technical assistance and infrastructure maintenance for an organization, ensuring systems operate securely and reliably. IT Support spans a career ladder from entry-level help desk through more advanced professional roles.

Focuses on designing, building, and maintaining internal platforms that enable efficient software delivery at scale.

An IT Systems Administrator ensures the reliable, secure operation of an organization’s IT infrastructure, including servers, storage, network devices, applications, and user endpoints.

Optical Engineers design and develop systems and components that use light to meet product goals. They enable precision optical functions crucial for product differentiation.

The IT Outsourcing Manager strategically manages external IT service providers to align outsourced capabilities with business objectives.

QA Testers play a pivotal role in game development by meticulously assessing gameplay to find bugs, glitches, and usability issues before release.

QA Engineers ensure software quality through testing (manual and automated) and process improvements.

This job family involves designing and developing new products or systems while ensuring that engineering tasks stay aligned with project goals for scope, schedule, and quality.

Security roles focus on risk reduction, incident response, and compliance.

Security Engineers protect systems and data by finding and fixing vulnerabilities, implementing security measures, and responding to security incidents.

SREs focus on reliability of systems in production – monitoring, incident response, and engineering to improve uptime and performance.

Responsible for the design, development, testing, and maintenance of software applications and systems across various platforms. The role requires problem-solving and coding skills to create reliable, efficient software.

Software Engineers typically follow a progression from P1 (Entry-Level) through P6 (Principal/Staff) on the technical ladder, with corresponding job titles like Junior Engineer, Software Engineer II, Senior Engineer, Staff Engineer, Principal Engineer.

Part of IT/Product Development function, focusing on designing, developing, and maintaining software applications.

Roles focused on the creation and enhancement of software products that meet market and user needs.

Systems Architects design and oversee the implementation of complex hardware/software systems that satisfy strategic business needs. They ensure that product architectures are scalable and meet customer requirements.

Technical Consultants are technology experts who advise organizations on IT systems and solutions. They analyze client technology needs and design, implement, and optimize technical solutions to meet business objectives.

Technical Support Engineers (TSEs) provide specialized, in-depth support for technical products or services.

In tech companies and startups, equity (stock options or shares) is often included as part of compensation. This approach aligns with agency theory and helps startups conserve cash.

The UI/UX Design job family encompasses roles focused on user-centered design, ranging from entry-level to executive positions. It involves understanding user needs, mastering design tools, and contributing to product strategy and innovation.

Focuses on the design, development, and implementation of user interfaces and experiences for software products.

Analytical Development is an R&D function focused on designing, developing, validating, and implementing analytical methods to characterize drug substances and products. It provides laboratory technical support and leads troubleshooting and method optimization to ensure accurate, robust assays.

Animal Care professionals in biomedical research ensure the humane care, health, and maintenance of laboratory animals used in drug discovery and development. They perform routine husbandry and assist research teams with procedures, supporting experimental integrity and animal welfare.

This family includes roles that use advanced mathematical principles to solve practical problems across industries, developing models and algorithms to analyze complex systems.

Roles focused on research and development in biotechnology, including experimental efforts to discover and develop new biological products or therapies.

Clinical Operations ensures that clinical trials (Phase I–IV) are designed and executed effectively to generate reliable data for new therapies. ClinOps personnel coordinate all operational aspects of trials – from trial design and site selection through execution and close-out – ensuring studies are on time, on budget, and compliant with protocols.

Clinical Project Management professionals play a pivotal role in clinical trials, acting as the bridge between scientific innovation and successful trial execution. They oversee complex studies that advance new therapies, ensuring trials meet their objectives on time and within budget while adhering to strict regulatory standards.

Responsible for designing, conducting, and managing Phase I–III clinical trials to establish the safety and efficacy of new drugs and medical devices prior to approval.

CRAs in a Contract Research Organization (CRO) are the primary link between the sponsor and investigative sites, responsible for monitoring clinical trials to ensure data integrity, participant safety, and regulatory compliance. The CRA function spans multiple professional levels (P1–P6), each bringing increasing expertise, autonomy, and leadership in ensuring trials meet both scientific and regulatory expectations.

The Clinical Trials function encompasses roles responsible for planning, executing, and managing clinical studies to generate evidence for new therapies or devices.

Clinical Trials Administration roles provide essential administrative, financial, and compliance support to clinical development teams, ensuring that trials proceed efficiently, ethically, and in accordance with regulatory standards.

This job family encompasses multiple management levels (M1–M6) within the Clinical Trials Administration function, focusing on the planning and execution of clinical trials. It aligns with industry standards where M1–M6 denote ascending managerial seniority, from first-line clinical trial supervision to senior departmental leadership.

The Downstream Process Development function focuses on designing, optimizing, and scaling purification processes for biologic drugs. This includes multistage recovery and purification to isolate the therapeutic protein from cell culture harvest. Key goals include meeting target product yield, purity, and safety specifications while reducing development time and cost.

Medical Affairs in a CDMO serves as the vital link between the organization’s drug development services and the broader medical-scientific community. This function ensures that all development and manufacturing activities are grounded in sound clinical science and meet the real-world needs of patients and healthcare providers.

Medical device product development is a highly interdisciplinary and regulated field. Teams of engineers, scientists, clinicians, and regulatory specialists collaborate across functions to translate clinical and market needs into safe, effective medical devices. The process follows a formal product development lifecycle within a Quality Management System (QMS) framework.

Medical Writing & Documentation is a critical support function in the drug/product development process. Professionals in this role translate complex scientific and clinical data into clear, accurate, and compliant documents for regulatory authorities, healthcare professionals, and other stakeholders.

Roles focused on the development and management of clinical trials and regulatory affairs in the pharmaceutical industry.

This job family encompasses the management career track for Research & Development in Medical Device Product Development, spanning from first-line management to senior-most R&D leadership. It emphasizes innovation, strategic execution, and regulatory compliance.

Encompasses the planning, execution, and delivery of engineering R&D projects from concept through product launch, ensuring technical projects meet performance, quality, and business objectives on schedule and within budget.

This job family focuses on orchestrating and managing the operational aspects of clinical trials within the R&D portfolio, particularly in a CDMO or CRO-like context where trials might be conducted on behalf of external sponsor clients.

This job family focuses on the design and development of medical devices within a regulated environment, ensuring that design outputs meet defined requirements and safety standards.

Focuses on developing and optimizing downstream purification processes for biologic products.

Responsible for the culture and production phase of bioprocessing – cultivating cells or microbes to generate a target therapeutic product.

R&D Management roles in a CDMO are responsible for leading the research and development of client projects and internal innovation initiatives, ensuring that new products, processes, or technologies are developed efficiently, safely, and in compliance with all regulatory requirements.

This job family focuses on providing scientific leadership for analytical activities within a CDMO, including method development, validation, and troubleshooting across multiple client projects.

The job family focuses on designing and leading clinical research protocols, influencing product development strategies, and ensuring compliance with regulatory standards.

This job family involves strategic leadership and oversight for an organization’s R&D project portfolio, ensuring innovation projects are selected, prioritized, and executed to meet company goals.

This job family focuses on planning and executing specific R&D projects from initiation through delivery, ensuring that day-to-day engineering and development work is organized and aligned with strategic goals.

Focuses on embedding quality into the R&D design and development process of new therapies or medical products.

This job family focuses on ensuring the quality of materials and prototypes in development through laboratory tests and procedures. It plays a crucial role in detecting defects or deviations during product development, ensuring that only products meeting quality benchmarks move forward.

Responsible for developing, optimizing, and scaling cell culture and fermentation processes to produce biopharmaceutical products. This role spans early-stage research through late-stage development, ensuring robust, scalable, and cost-effective processes.

Responsible for designing, developing, and optimizing mammalian cell culture processes to support clinical and commercial biologics production.

HR professionals who integrate AI solutions to align with strategic goals and address employee concerns.

The Compensation & Benefits (C&B) job family is responsible for designing and overseeing reward programs that are competitive, equitable, and aligned with business goals to attract and retain top technical and scientific talent. This function balances strategic planning with hands-on program management to support organizational growth.

Align roles to ranges and architecture cleanly.

This job family focuses on attracting and hiring talent to fill organizational needs, ensuring the company builds and maintains a skilled workforce.

This job family manages international employee relocations and assignments, ensuring compliance with immigration and tax laws and supporting employee transitions.

Responsible for building role clarity, levels, and job families that scale.

Compensation models differ by role, with productivity-based pay for physicians and grade-and-step systems for educators.

This job family focuses on aligning people strategy with business goals through workforce analysis, ensuring the right people are doing the right tasks by analyzing workforce data to forecast staffing needs.

Focuses on handling complex, sensitive HR data and providing strategic insights for compensation decisions.

HR Business Partners serve as strategic liaisons between HR and the business, typically progressing from generalist HR roles into increasingly strategic partner positions.

The HRIS function is responsible for managing the technology and data that underpin all HR operations. It spans from entry-level data administration to strategic leadership in HR technology, covering implementation and optimization of HR systems, data reporting and analytics, and compliance with data regulations.

The HRIS management roles ensure that the company’s HR technology infrastructure supports business needs, scales with growth, and enables data-driven decision-making. They serve as the bridge between HR and IT, aligning human resources processes with technical solutions.

A Change Agent drives organizational transformation by preparing and supporting people through change. In growth-stage STEM companies, this role ensures that strategic initiatives succeed by maximizing employee adoption.

The Human Resources Business Partner (HRBP) is a strategic HR role responsible for aligning people initiatives with business objectives across the organization. HRBPs operate as trusted advisors to management, integrating talent management, organizational development, and employee relations into the company’s growth strategy.

The HR Generalist role serves as a bridge between executive leadership and employees, managing the full employee lifecycle from hiring through separation. This position is action-oriented and comprehensive, responsible for developing and applying HR policies, programs and procedures that comply with legal standards while supporting organizational objectives.

This job family ensures that day-to-day HR processes and systems run smoothly, providing the infrastructure that supports all people initiatives.

Focuses on motivational job design and job enrichment programs.

Focuses on work stress and engagement research, applicable across various job types.

This job family focuses on driving planned change to improve organizational effectiveness and adaptability through science-based interventions.

People Operations encompasses HR operations, employee experience, and strategic HR projects.

People Operations focuses on the administrative, procedural, and infrastructure side of HR, ensuring smooth HR services, efficient processes, and a positive employee experience.

Map capabilities to roles dynamically.

Staff Resourcing Managers ensure that projects and operations have the right people with the right skills at the right time. They forecast demand, plan capacity, and allocate personnel across projects to meet growth objectives.

Talent Acquisition specialists and recruiters are responsible for sourcing, attracting, and hiring the right talent efficiently.

Quickly create, edit, and deploy job structures.

Roles focused on equipping employees with specialized technical skills required by the organization, particularly in STEM sectors.

Roles focused on designing and delivering a variety of training programs across the organization.

This job family equips employees with skills and knowledge to meet current and future job requirements, aligning workforce capabilities with business strategy.

Aerospace Engineers design, develop, and oversee the construction and testing of aircraft and spacecraft components or systems.

This family includes roles focused on the design, analysis, and management of civil and structural engineering projects, ensuring safety, compliance, and innovation in construction.

Propulsion Engineers design, analyze, and optimize engines and thrusters that power aircraft and spacecraft. They work on everything from jet and turbofan engines to rocket motors and advanced green propulsion systems.

Focus on cross-disciplinary system design and integration.

This job family focuses on the design, development, and optimization of energy systems, particularly within the renewable energy sector, such as wind power.

Specialized roles addressing unique technical challenges and innovative demands in engineering and advanced manufacturing sectors.

This job family focuses on maintaining and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of measurement and control instruments critical to operations in various industries such as pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, aerospace, and more.

Gas Engineering focuses on the design, development, and optimization of natural gas extraction, processing, and distribution systems within an organization.

Electro-Mechanical Engineers integrate mechanical and electrical engineering to design hardware products and systems. They bridge pure mechanical design and electronic hardware development, ensuring mechanical structures align with electronic components.

Focuses on the technical aspects of equipment and systems used in biotech manufacturing, ensuring safe, efficient, and compliant production.

Roles focused on the research, development, and application of materials in engineering and manufacturing.

Mechanical Engineers design, analyze, and improve mechanical and thermal systems. They create core product components and ensure they meet performance, cost, and schedule goals.

Mechatronics Engineers integrate mechanical, electronic, and control engineering to create automated machinery and products. They improve production efficiency and develop novel products.

Plastics Engineering focuses on the development, design, and manufacturing of plastic materials and products.

Product Development Engineers design, develop, and improve medical devices and related components through all stages of the product lifecycle. They ensure devices meet safety, efficacy, and regulatory requirements, and often involve training or providing technical support to other teams.

Roles focused on the design and development of new medical device products or improvements to existing products.

Robotics Engineers design, build, and implement robotic systems that automate tasks. They operate at the intersection of mechanical, electrical, and software engineering.

The Structural Engineer is responsible for ensuring buildings and structures are designed to safely carry loads and withstand environmental forces.

A Subsea Engineer designs, analyzes, and manages underwater equipment and infrastructure used in offshore and marine environments.

Focuses on integrating software, hardware, and mechanical systems to ensure products meet customer and business requirements.

Focuses on ensuring that products meet performance, safety, and reliability targets through comprehensive testing and validation processes.

Account Executives are primary sales closers who own opportunities through the sales cycle.

BDRs are typically outbound prospectors focused on early pipeline generation.

Sales careers typically progress through a ladder of roles that expand in scope from individual contributor positions to team leadership and strategic roles.

Focuses on ensuring customers achieve their desired outcomes with the company’s product or service, driving customer satisfaction, retention, and account growth.

Focuses on acquiring new customers and driving revenue growth by identifying high-potential prospects and closing new business deals.

Focuses on growing revenue by leveraging external channels to reach new markets and customers.

Focuses on driving revenue through remote channels rather than in-person field work.

Sales roles are fundamentally measured by their contribution to revenue generation, but specific KPIs differ by role and seniority.

In sales-intensive industries, compensation models with a heavy commission or bonus component are common. Salespeople often have a variable pay structure where a significant portion of their earnings comes from commissions tied to revenue or sales volume.

SDRs focus on inbound lead qualification, responding to leads generated by marketing.

Sales Representatives are front-line sellers who may work inside sales (phone/email-based, often in-house) or outside sales (field-based, meeting clients in person).

Sales roles focus on managing customer relationships, outreach, and performance using a suite of tools like CRM systems and sales enablement platforms.

Sales Support roles in scaling STEM organizations, focusing on providing dedicated product expertise and training to support the primary sales force.

Responsible for the accuracy and integrity of financial records, compliance with accounting standards, and efficient financial close processes.

A family focused on providing strategic decision-making tools and insights for compensation leaders, HRBPs, finance teams, and boards.

Finance career tracks often begin with analyst positions, progress to manager and director levels, and can lead to executive roles.

Overseeing accounting operations, financial reporting, and compliance.

Accounting sub-function focused on product/service cost analysis.

Focuses on budgeting, forecasting, financial modeling, and strategic business analysis.

General Accounting professionals ensure the integrity of the company’s financial records and compliance with standards. They manage the general ledger and related financial data so that statements and reports accurately reflect business transactions.

Oversight of accounting operations, financial close, and reporting for a unit or entire small company.

Cost Accountants are responsible for accurately tracking and analyzing product and production costs to support financial health and strategic decision-making in manufacturing-focused organizations. They maintain cost accounting systems and records, perform standard vs. actual cost variance analyses, and prepare reports on inventory valuation, gross margins, and profitability.

Finance Managers oversee financial operations for a unit or function, leading a team of analysts or accountants, and ensuring financial plans align with business objectives.

Financial Analysts gather and analyze financial data, create reports, and provide insights to support decision-making. Progression involves handling more complex analyses with greater autonomy and strategic impact.

The General Accounting function ensures accurate financial record-keeping, reporting, and compliance for the biotechnology company. Incumbents oversee the general ledger, month-end/quarter-end close, account reconciliations, and financial statement preparation, tailoring these processes to the biotech context.

Brand Managers focus on shaping and maintaining the company’s brand image, voice, and market presence.

This job family focuses on ensuring products are successfully adopted and reimbursed by payers, providers, or customers, particularly in healthcare and STEM firms.

Content Marketing Managers drive the strategy and production of content to attract and engage audiences.

This job family focuses on producing and finalizing video content for marketing and communications needs, particularly in STEM-related industries.

Demand Generation Managers focus on driving awareness and interest to create a pipeline of qualified leads for sales.

General Marketing job function across managerial levels, focusing on strategy, execution, and leadership in marketing roles.

Growth Marketing focuses on data-driven, experiment-oriented marketing to drive user acquisition, activation, retention, and revenue growth.

Marketing Communications (MarComms) specialists craft and deliver key messages to both internal and external audiences to build brand awareness, support marketing strategies, and foster stakeholder engagement. They develop content and communication plans that advance products, services, and corporate objectives while reinforcing brand identity.

The Marketing Manager job family represents generalist marketers who often coordinate a mix of marketing activities.

Marketing roles utilize a broad MarTech stack for automation, analytics, and audience engagement.

Product Marketing in biotech/medtech bridges R&D, marketing, and sales to bring scientific innovations to market. Professionals conduct market research, define positioning and messaging, and plan go-to-market (GTM) strategies to translate complex technical value into customer benefit.

Quality Assurance professionals in a biotech CDMO ensure that products and processes meet regulatory and company standards throughout the R&D and manufacturing lifecycle. Their purpose is to protect patient safety and product efficacy by embedding quality systems into development activities and by verifying compliance with FDA/EMA regulations.

The QA function in a scaling life-sciences robotics company ensures that complex hardware–software products are reliable, safe, and compliant with medical-device regulations. This role spans the full product lifecycle – from design inputs and risk management in R&D, through validation/verification of robotic systems, to supplier qualification and product release in manufacturing.

This job family focuses on ensuring product quality through rigorous testing and compliance with regulatory standards in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries.

Quality Control Scientists are responsible for ensuring product quality, safety, and compliance through scientific testing and analysis. They serve as critical gatekeepers in the manufacturing process, verifying that raw materials, in-process samples, and finished products meet all specifications and regulatory standards.

This job family ensures that biotech/pharma products and processes meet quality standards through rigorous validation and testing. It involves planning, executing, and documenting validation protocols and verifying compliance with regulatory requirements.

Oversees customer success teams ensuring clients achieve value from the company’s products and services in a life sciences context.

Professional levels P1–P6 correspond to increasing scope and impact (entry through senior/leadership).

The Customer Success Manager role centers on driving customer value, product adoption, and retention. They ensure customers achieve their desired outcomes while using the company's products, leading to increased satisfaction and loyalty.

Tier-1 Product Support provides the first line of technical assistance for customers using the company’s products.

Deliver fast, flexible job frameworks to clients.

Core industry roles focused on providing expert guidance on environmental issues, ensuring compliance with regulations, and helping organizations reduce their environmental impact.

Strategy Consultants advise organizations on high-level decisions affecting their future direction. They work with executives to analyze market trends, set goals, and develop strategic plans that align with business objectives.

An application of Dreyfus’s model to nursing practice, defining five levels for nurses: Novice, Advanced Beginner, Competent, Proficient, Expert.

Ensuring drug safety surveillance and compliance within a CDMO context, spanning from entry-level associate roles up to senior director/head roles.

A physician competency framework identifying seven physician roles: Medical Expert, Communicator, Collaborator, Leader, Health Advocate, Scholar, Professional.

This job family focuses on downstream purification processes for biologics, vaccines, cell & gene therapies, and bio-based products. It involves ensuring effective operation and optimization of downstream bioprocessing steps in a GMP manufacturing environment.

This job family involves overseeing the initial phase of manufacturing where biologic products are created through cell culture or fermentation. It includes roles responsible for ensuring upstream processes are executed effectively, safely, and in compliance with GMP standards.

Wafer Fab Operations personnel are essential to semiconductor and related technology companies, especially those scaling production. They perform the core manufacturing functions that turn silicon wafers into semiconductor devices.

This job family encompasses roles responsible for the planning, execution, and management of clinical trials within biotech/pharma organizations. It includes various managerial levels from entry-level coordinators to executive leadership, focusing on ensuring compliance, efficiency, and strategic alignment with corporate goals.

Medical Affairs in a CDMO setting serves as the bridge between clinical development and commercialization, ensuring scientific integrity and effective communication of clinical data both internally and externally.

Game audio designers create and implement the auditory elements that bring a game world to life.

Narrative designers are responsible for integrating rich story content into gameplay, creating plotlines, characters, and dialogues that immerse players and give meaning to their actions.

Product Designers follow a craft-focused career ladder similar to engineering or product. They are responsible for creating user-centered designs that enhance user experience and meet business goals.

Product Designers are responsible for end-to-end design of product interfaces and experiences.

The Legal Executive function encompasses a progression of in-house legal roles responsible for safeguarding the organization’s legal interests and ensuring regulatory compliance while proactively supporting business objectives. This U.S.-centric profile outlines responsibilities and expectations at each executive level, reflecting the needs of a mid-stage scaling company in biotechnology, life sciences, CDMO, and CRO industries.

Legal support professional working under attorney supervision, handling substantive legal work that does not require an attorney’s license.

Product Management career progression is about expanding influence from executing on individual features to owning entire product lines and shaping product strategy.

Product Management roles bridge engineering execution with user insights using agile project management tools and analytics platforms.

Roles overseeing the end-to-end process of bringing new products to market.

Technical Product Managers focus on technical aspects of the product, bridging engineering and product.

Roles focused on creating online learning experiences that scale across an organization’s workforce or customers.

Roles focused on creating effective learning experiences by applying educational theory and design principles.

The Patient Recruitment & Education function specializes in identifying, engaging, and retaining trial participants.

This job function encompasses Regulatory Affairs roles within a CDMO, focusing on drug/biologics development and manufacturing services. It ensures all products and operations comply with applicable regulations and that regulatory submissions to health authorities are managed effectively.

Responsible for managing a company’s interactions with governmental bodies, developing and executing government engagement and public policy strategy.

Business Development professionals within Corporate Development are charged with driving the company’s growth by identifying and executing strategic partnerships, alliances, and new market initiatives. They focus on targeting short- to medium-term revenue opportunities that align with the long-term corporate strategy.

Legal career progression in a corporate context usually begins with roles like Legal Counsel and advances to General Counsel or CLO.

Focuses on business development, strategic partnerships, and corporate growth initiatives.

Roles involved in a decentralized, domain-driven operating model for analytics.

This family includes roles that provide expert guidance on statistical methodologies and data analysis for clients or internal teams.

Roles focused on the development, management, and optimization of renewable energy projects and assets.

In finance and executive suites, pay packages are often outsized and performance-leveraged, including annual bonuses, profit-sharing, and stock-based pay.

Government jobs usually operate on formal pay grades/bands with step increments, emphasizing internal equity and transparency.

Roles where specific skills and knowledge determine performance, such as IT, engineering, and medicine.

The Scrum Project Manager (Scrum Master) facilitates agile development by guiding teams in Scrum methodology and ensuring efficient project execution.

A sub-function of Quality Control within a STEM organization, focusing on enabling functions such as logistics, maintenance, and preparation rather than conducting complex analyses.

Core industry roles focused on studying the Earth's climate system, atmospheric processes, and providing insights into climate change and weather patterns.

A Customer Support Representative (CSR) typically advances through roles of increasing responsibility in resolving customer issues and leading support initiatives.